12. Cancerul colorectal avansat.pdf

Colorectal cancer esmo guidelines.

Case report Conf. Daniela Moşoiu, Alexandru C. Grigorescu, Şef lucrări dr.

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  • Он не удивился тому, что его узнали: нравилось ему это или нет, но уже сам факт его непохожести на других, его еще не раскрывшиеся, но уже прозреваемые возможности делали его известным каждому в городе.

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Some of these patients address the doctors in locally advanced stages, sometimes without the possibility to perform resection. The challenge of the multimodal oncologic treatment of those patients is to obtain conversion towards resection, and also the decrease of the local recurrence, thus ensuring the increase of the long-term survival, targets which are often difficult to obtain.

We present the case of a year-old patient with locally advanced colorectal cancer esmo guidelines cancer, who benefitted from multimodal treatment: neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and also from surgical intervention.

O parte dintre aceşti pacienţi se prezintă în stadii avansate local, uneori nerezecabile. Provocarea tratamentului oncologic multimodal al acestor pacienţi este de a obţine conversia către rezecabilitate, precum şi scăderea incidenţei recurenţei locale, asigurând astfel creşterea supravieţuirii la distanţă, deziderate ce sunt colorectal cancer esmo guidelines greu de obţinut.

Vă prezentăm cazul unei paciente în vârstă de 54 de ani, diagnosticată cu neoplasm rectal local avansat, ce a beneficiat de tratament multimodal chimio-radioterapic neoadjvant şi adjuvant, precum şi chirurgical complex. A retrospective study of SEER CRC registry showed an increase in the incidence of rectal cancer in patients under 50 years of age 1,2,3.

The most common disorders are Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis 1,2.

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Important improvements in the outcomes of patients with rectal cancer have occurred over the past 30 years. Advances in surgical pathology, refinements in surgical techniques and instrumentation, new imaging modalities, and the widespread use of neoadjuvant therapy have all contributed to these improvements. Many new systemic treatment options have become available for locally advanced rectal cancers, including: additional chemotherapeutic agents and targeted therapies vascular-endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors which can be added to neoadjuvant and adjuvant regimens or given in combination with radiotherapy as radio-sensitizing agents.

An important aim is to treat so that the risk vierme pulmonar al sobolanului residual disease in the pelvis, frequently causing a disabling local recurrence, is very low.

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We report a case of a year-old patient diagnosed with locally advanced rectal colorectal cancer esmo guidelines and treated with a multimodal approach. Figure 1. CT scan of the pelvic region Figure 1. CT scan of the pelvic region Figure 2. Treatment sequence Case colorectal cancer esmo guidelines In Novembera year-old female, smoker patient, presented at the primary care physician accusing rectal bleeding, pain and perianal colorectal cancer esmo guidelines. A colonoscopy was performed and she was diagnosed through a biopsy with rectal adenocarcinoma.

Aceast publicaie colorectal cancer esmo guidelines versiunea publicat anterior-Ann Oncol ; 20 Suppl 4 : iviv63 Conflicte de interese: Prof. Nordlinger a raportat c nu prezint conflicte de interese; Dr Cervantes a raportat c desfoar n prezent cercetri sponsorizate de Roche, Amgen i MerckSerono i c este membru n biroul de purttori de cuvnt al MerckSerono. Tomografia prin emisie de pozitroni cu fluorodeoxiglucoz FDG-PET poate fi util pentru determinarea colorectal cancer esmo guidelines maligne ale leziunilor tumorale, n special n combinaie cu examinarea CT. FDG-PET este util n special pentru caracterizarea extensiei bolii metastatice n cazul n care metastazele sunt potenial rezecabile.

The CT scan performed showed a locally advanced rectal tumor - cT4cN1Mx, with a suspicion of paraaortic lymph node metastases lymphadenopathy around 8 mm - Figure 1. Clinical examination revealed no pathological elements, with a good performance status and biologically within normal limits. The tumor board decided that the best treatment sequence was neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy and then surgery.

12. Cancerul colorectal avansat.pdf

A protective colorectal cancer esmo guidelines was performed Figure 2. The response evaluation CT scan showed a small regression of the primary tumor and increased paraaortic lymph nodes. An MRI performed after 6 months showed an important response to treatment with a conversion to resectability, and surgery was indicated Figure 4.

The patient underwent radical surgery in January total hysterectomy with bilateral ovariectomy, rectum amputation and colpectomy. During chemotherapy, mild gastrointestinal nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and hematological toxicity was observed and the patient experienced for a short period of time fatigue, asthenia, muscle weakness, numbness in limbs.

colorectal cancer esmo guidelines

During this period the patient presented dysuria and colorectal cancer esmo guidelines chemistry work-up revealed increased serum creatinine 5. A urine summary, bacteriological examination of urine and abdominal ultrasound determined that she developed a urinary tract infection with grade 2 proteinuria and the administration of Bevacizumab was discontinued for a short period of time, until her biological parameters returned to normal ranges Figure 5. Regarding prognostic factors in this case - stage IV rectal cancer, with a high risk of recurrence, paraaortic colorectal cancer esmo guidelines nodes involvement, side effects of the treatment grade 2 proteinuria that can lead to discontinuation of Bevacizumab - we can establish a poor prognostic for this patient.

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Figure 3. The evaluation of treatment response on CT scan Figure 4. The response to treatment on pelvic MRI Figure 5. Hematological toxicity hemoglobin and increase of serum creatinine Discussions The sequence is the most important multimodal therapy in rectal cancer.

In this case, the choice of sequence radio-chemotherapy and targeted therapy resulted in partial remission and conversion to resectability of the tumor.

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Prevention from local failures with the severe colorectal cancer esmo guidelines which may accompany them is very important. The prognosis is also influenced by late effects of treatment toxicity and radio-chemotherapy, with the patient having gastrointestinal toxicity, hematologic and even proteinuria during treatment 1,2,4,7, In a retrospective study published in by Hsueh-Ju Lu, with a total of 4, newly diagnosed CRC patients who were enrolled, the authors aimed to assess the prognostic role of visible paraaortic lymph nodes PALNs.

colorectal cancer esmo guidelines

Our patient had para-aortic lymph nodes visible colorectal cancer esmo guidelines MRI around 1. Ina meta-analysis performed on 16 studies colorectal cancer esmo guidelines included 12, patients with various malignancies evaluated the risk of developing proteinuria by the addition of Bevacizumab to chemotherapy.

The study showed that Bevacizumab added to chemotherapy significantly increased the risk for high-grade proteinuria in colorectal cancer esmo guidelines with different types of cancer. The risk is different with dosage of Bevacizumab and tumor type. The incidence of high-grade grade 3 colorectal cancer esmo guidelines 4 proteinuria with Bevacizumab was 2.

Compared with chemotherapy alone, Bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy significantly increased the risk for high-grade proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome. The authors concluded that the addition of Bevacizumab to chemotherapy significantly increases colorectal cancer esmo colorectal cancer esmo guidelines risk for high-grade proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome, with the possibility of developing renal failure and cardiovascular colorectal cancer esmo guidelines.

Our patient developed grade 2 proteinuria and the administration of Bevacizumab was discontinued for a short period of time. At the moment, the patient has a normal biological profile, without any proteinuria and she is continuing her treatment in the adjuvant setting colorectal cancer esmo guidelines, Conclusions The neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy colorectal cancer esmo guidelines have a special role in the management of locally advanced rectal cancer, by being able to provide conversion to the stage in which resection can be performed, even if this fact might imply a complex surgical intervention.

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The association of the adjuvant chemotherapy treatment may improve the results and the long-term perspectives of the patients, by decreasing the incidence of local recurrence. Bibliografie 1. NCCN guidelines version 3. Glimelius et al. Ciara R Huntington, et al. Yanhong Deng, et al. Joshua Smith et al. Chau et al. Colorectal cancer esmo guidelines capecitabine and oxaliplatin followed by synchronous chemoradiation and total mesorectal excision in magnetic resonance imaging-defined poor-risk rectal cancer, J Clin Oncol.

Wasif Saif. Shenhong Wu et al.

Безличный голос отозвался тотчас же: -- Советнику известно, что я не могу комментировать инструкции, данные мне моими создателями. Джизирак принял эту мягкую укоризну и продолжил: -- Какова бы ни была причина, мы не можем оспаривать факты.

Олвин отправился в космос.

G Cserni et al. Nodal staging of colorectal carcinomas and sentinel nodes, J Clin Pathol. Tomonori M.